Which cells are primarily involved in the clearance of pathogens through phagocytosis?

The correct answer highlights the roles of both macrophages and neutrophils in the immune response, particularly in the process of phagocytosis, which is a critical mechanism used to clear pathogens from the body.

Macrophages are large phagocytic cells that are found throughout the tissues and play a vital role in detecting, engulfing, and destroying pathogens, debris, and dead cells. They are also important for orchestrating the immune response by secreting cytokines and presenting antigens to T cells. Their ability to reside in tissues and respond to inflammation makes them key players in the clearance of pathogens.

Neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell, are generally among the first responders to sites of infection. They are highly efficient at phagocytosis and can rapidly engulf and digest bacteria and fungi. Neutrophils also release enzymes and antimicrobial substances that help to eliminate pathogens. Their short lifespan and recruitment to the site of infection make them crucial for immediate defense.

Since both macrophages and neutrophils contribute significantly to the process of phagocytosis and the overall clearance of pathogens, the choice indicating both cell types as involved in this process accurately reflects their collaborative roles in the immune system.