What blood gas status is indicated by a pH of 7.2, HCO3 of 10, and PCO2 of 50?

The blood gas values provided indicate an acidotic state, characterized by a low pH of 7.2, which suggests acidosis. The bicarbonate level (HCO3) of 10 reflects a significant decrease in base, indicating a primary metabolic component of acidosis. Additionally, the PCO2 of 50 indicates a respiratory component, as it is elevated above the normal range, suggesting that there is also respiratory acidosis occurring due to hypoventilation or inadequate gas exchange.

When the body experiences both metabolic acidosis (evidenced by the low bicarbonate) and respiratory acidosis (indicated by the high PCO2), it points to a mixed acidotic state where both systems are contributing to the overall acid-base imbalance. The combination of these findings confirms the diagnosis of mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis, as the pH is low, bicarbonate is significantly reduced, and the carbon dioxide level is elevated.

The other options do not accurately reflect the given blood gas values. Metabolic alkalosis would require a higher pH and bicarbonate level. Respiratory alkalosis would be indicated by a high pH and low PCO2, and normal acid-base balance would depict a pH within the normal range, which